Robust and reliable, such systems are simple to install and have stood the test of time.

A solar hot water panel is basically a flat glass-topped box with water pipes running through. The wateris warmed by the intensified heat inside the panel. The pipes continue to the water tank where, by heat transference, the stored tank water is heated in turn. At night, an electric back-up system inside the tank automatically activates (if necessary) to ensure a constant supply.

Such systems offer an effective solution for most properties and will, after repaying the investment, provide free hot water for many years to come. An inexpensive annual maintenance ensures maximum efficiency.

However, in some circumstances there can be a smarter solar alternative: electricity-generating photovoltaic (PV) panels, which power a low-energy heat pump for the water tank. Nowadays there are sleek-looking combination units available, comprising a vertical tank with integrated mini-heat pump.

This solution offers additional advan-tages, as such heat pumps can simult-aneously supply water at different temper-atures for separate applications - say, for sanitary hot water, radiators or underfloor heating.

A further advantage is that PV panels also supply power for low-use home applications such as a refrigerator, devices on standby etc. In this way, the system is still being of use even when the property is unoccupied.

In all cases, the most appropriate solar solution depends on the type of property, the needs of its occupants, and of course budget.

For the smartest solar advice – ask Penguin!

For more information, Tel: (+351) 289 092 595 email: info@penguinalgarve.com or visit: www.penguinalgarve.com