The research was published in the journal "Environmental and Sustainability Indicators" and is now released in a press release from ARNET – Aquatic Research Network.

Scientists anticipated 15 major challenges for aquatic ecosystems in Portugal and identified challenges that will mark the next decade in aquatic research, "reinforcing the importance of proactive management and science-based public policies."

In the document, they emphasise the need to expand and interconnect Marine Protected Areas, and regarding freshwater ecosystems, they highlight the location of biodiversity refuges during periods of drought and the ecological and social risks of large-scale water transport projects between regions (e.g., the Alqueva Water Transfer Project).

Among cross-cutting topics, the paper mentions the need to develop new solutions to detect and remove emerging pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, or microplastics, and a focus on restoring aquatic ecosystems.

"To respond to the challenges and opportunities facing Portugal’s aquatic ecosystems, the researchers warn of the need for greater public and private investment in science and innovation to prepare the country for emerging risks and promote sustainable solutions," the statement states.

They also emphasise the importance of "continuous collaboration" between scientists, policymakers, and local communities, as well as interdisciplinary cooperation, to anticipate risks and support science-based public policies.

The research was conducted by a team of 18 researchers from ARNET (the Aquatic Research Network), which includes three research and development units. It was funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT).

ARNET is a nationally recognized Associated Laboratory that integrates three research centers: MARE (Center for Marine and Environmental Sciences) (represented by the University of Coimbra, Polytechnic of Leiria, University of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, ISPA (University Institute), Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, University of Évora, and ARDITI (University of Madeira), CBMA (Center for Molecular and Environmental Biology) (University of Minho), and CIMA (Center for Marine and Environmental Research) (University of Algarve).